1) Prevention and management of osteoporosis. Report of a WHO scientific group. WHO technical report series 921, 2003
|
|
|
2) Osteoporosis prevention, diagnosis, and therapy. NIH consensus statement. 2000; 17: 1-36
|
|
|
3) Marshall D, Johnell O, Wedel H. Meta-analysis of how well measures of bone mineral density predict occurrence of osteoporotic fractures. BMJ. 1996; 312: 1254-9
|
|
|
4) Siris ES, Chen YT, Abbott TA, et al. Bone mineral density thresholds for pharmacological intervention to prevent fractures. Arch Intern Med. 2004; 164: 1108-12
|
|
|
5) Kanis JA, Borgstrom F, De Laet C, et al. Assessment of fracture risk. Osteoporosis Int. 2005; 16: 581-9
|
|
|
6) Fujiwara S, Kasagi F, Masunari N, et al. Fracture prediction from bone mineral density in Japanese men and women. J Bone Miner Res. 2003; 18: 1547-53
|
|
|
7) Ross PD, Fujiwara S, Huang C, et al. Vertebral fracture prevalence in women in Hiroshima compared to Caucasians or Japanese in the US. Int J Epidemiol. 1995; 24: 1171-7
|
|
|
8) Kanis JA, Johnell O, De Laet C, et al. A meta-analysis of previous fracture and subsequent fracture risk. Bone. 2004; 35: 375-82
|
|
|
9) Melton LJ, Atkinson EJ, Cooper C, et al. Vertebral fractures predict subsequent fractures. Osteoporos Int. 1999; 10: 214-21
|
|
|
10) Klein RF. Alcohol-induced bone disease: impact of ethanol on osteoblast proliferation. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1997; 21: 392-9
|
|
|
11) Kanis JA, Johansson H, Johnell O, et al. Alcohol intake as a risk factor for fracture. Osteoporos Int. 2005; 16: 737-42
|
|
|
12) Kamer AR, El-Ghorab N, Marzec N, et al. Nicotine induced proliferation and cytokine release in osteoblastic cells. Int J Mol Med. 2006; 17: 121-7
|
|
|
13) Tanaka H, Tanabe N, Shoji M, et al. Nicotine and lipopolysaccharide stimulate the formation of osteoclast-like cells by increasing macrophage colony-stimulating factor and prostaglandin E2 production by osteoblasts. Life Sci. 2006; 78: 1733-40
|
|
|
14) Kanis JA, Johnell O, Oden A, et al. Smoking and fracture risk: a meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int. 2005; 16: 155-62
|
|
|
15) Kanis JA, Johansson H, Oden A, et al. A family history of fracture and fracture risk: a meta-analysis. Bone. 2004; 35: 1029-37
|
|
|
16) Sinigaglia L, Nervetti A, Mela Q, et al. A multicenter cross sectional study on bone mineral density in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol. 2000; 27: 2582-9
|
|
|
17) Peel NF, Moore DJ, Barrington NA, et al. Risk of vertebral fracture and relationship to bone mineral density in steroid treated rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 1995; 54: 801-6
|
|
|
18) Kaz H, Johnson D, Kerry S, et al. Fall-related risk factors and osteoporosis in women with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2004; 43: 1267-71
|
|
|
19) Kanis JA, Johansson H, Oden A, et al. A Meta-analysis of prior corticosteroid use and fracture risk. J Bone Miner Res. 2004; 19: 893-9
|
|
|
20) 骨粗鬆症の予防と治療ガイドライン作成委員会, 編. 骨粗鬆症の予防と治療ガイドライン2006年版. 東京: ライフサイエンス出版; 2006. p. 50-3
|
|
|
21) Nawata H, Soen S, Takayanagi R. Guidelines on the management and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis of the Japanese Society for Bone and Mineral Research (2004). J Bone Miner Metab. 2005; 23: 105-9
|
|
|