|
1) 細菌性髄膜炎の診療ガイドライン作成委員会. 細菌性髄膜炎の診療ガイドライン. 神経治療学. 2007; 24: 71-132
|
|
|
|
|
2) Kamei S, Takasu T. Nationwide survey of the annual prevalence of viral and other neurological infections in Japanese inpatients. Intern Med. 2000; 39: 894-900
|
|
|
|
|
3) Durand ML, Calderwood SB, Weber DJ, et al. Acute bacterial meningitis in adults. A review of 493 episodes. N Engl J Med. 1993; 328: 21-8
|
|
|
|
|
4) Saez-Llorens X, McCracken GH Jr. Bacterial meningitis in children. Lancet. 2003; 361: 2139-48
|
|
|
|
|
|
5) Kaplan SL. Clinical presentations, diagnosis, and prognostic factors of bacterial meningitis. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1999; 13: 579-94
|
|
|
|
|
|
6) de Gans Jan, van de Beek D; European Dexamethasone in Adulthood Bacterial Meningitis Study Investigators. Dexamethasone in adults with bacterial meningitis. N Engl J Med. 2002; 347: 1549-56
|
|
|
|
|
|
7) 石川晴美, 亀井 聡, 塩田宏嗣, 他. 細菌性髄膜炎40成人例の転帰についての継時的変化. Neuroinfection. 2004; 9: 57
|
|
|
|
|
|
8) Spach DH, Jackson LA. Bacterial meningitis. Neurol Clin. 1999; 17: 711-35
|
|
|
|
|
|
9) Thornsberry C, Sahm DF, Kelly LJ, et al. Regional trends in antimicrobial resistance among clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis in the United States: results from the TRUST Surveillance Program, 1999- 2000. Clin Infect Dis. 2002; 34 Suppl 1: S4-16
|
|
|
|
|
|
10) Colman G, Cooke EM, Cookson BD, et al. Pneumococci causing invasive disease in Britain 1982-1990. J Med Microbiol. 1998; 47: 17-27
|
|
|
|
|
|
11) van de Beek D, de Gans J, Spanjaard L, et al. Clinical features and prognostic factors in adults with bacterial meningitis. N Engl J Med. 2004; 351: 1849-59
|
|
|
|
|
|
12) Ubukata K, Chiba N, Hasegawa K, et al. Antibiotic susceptibility in relation to penicillin-binding protein genes and serotype distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains responsible for meningitis in Japan, 1999 to 2002. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004; 48d: 1488-94
|
|
|
|
|
|
13) Tunkel AR, Hartman BJ, Kaplan SL, et al. Practice guidelines for the management of bacterial meningitis. Clin Infect Dis. 2004; 39: 1267-84
|
|
|
|
|
|
14) Gilbert DN, Moellering RC Jr, Eliopoulos GM, et al. The Sanford guide to antimicrobial therapy 2007, 37th edition. Hyde Park: Antimicrobial Therapy Inc; 2007. p. 3-6
|
|
|
|
|
|
15) Begg N, Cartwright KA, Cohen J, et al. Consensus statement on diagnosis, investigation, treatment and prevention of acute bacterial meningitis in immunocompetent adults. British Infection Society Working Party. J Infect. 1999; 39: 1-15
|
|
|
|
|
|
16) Cohen J. Management of bacterial meningitis in adults. BMJ. 2003; 326: 996-7
|
|
|
|
|
|
17) McCullers JA, English BK, Novak R. Isolation and characterization of vancomycin-tolerant Streptococcus pneumoniae from the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient who developed recrudescent meningitis. J Infect Dis. 2000; 181: 369-73
|
|
|
|
|
|
18) Perez Mato S, Robinson S, Begue RE. Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium meningitis successfully treated with chloramphenicol. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1999; 18: 483-4
|
|
|
|
|
|
19) Novak R, Henriques B, Charpentier E, et al. Emergence of vancomycin tolerance in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Nature. 1999; 399: 590-3
|
|
|
|
|
|
20) 戸塚恭一. PK/PDの概念を導入した抗菌薬化学療法. 日本内科学会誌. 2003; 92: 2187-91
|
|
|
|
|
|
21) 亀井 聡, 塩田宏嗣, 高須俊明. エビデンスに基づく内科疾患の治療戦略. 細菌性髄膜炎. 内科. 1997; 79: 1436-41
|
|
|
|
|
|
22) Tauber MG, Zak O, Scheld WM, et al. The postantibiotic effect in the treatment of experimental meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in rabbits. J Infect Dis. 1984; 149: 575- 83
|
|
|
|
|
|
23) Tauber MG, Doroshow CA, Hackbarth CJ, et al. Antibacterial activity of beta-lactam antibiotics in experimental meningitis due to Streptococcus pneumoniae. J Infect Dis. 1984; 149: 568-74
|
|
|
|
|
|
24) Lutsar I, McCracken GH Jr, Friedland IR. Antibiotic pharmacodynamics in cerebrospinal fluid. Clin Infect Dis. 1998; 27: 1117-27
|
|
|
|
|
|
25) Kaplan SL, Mason EO Jr. Management of infections due to antibiotic-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1998; 11: 628-44
|
|
|
|
|
|
26) El Bashir H, Laundy M, Booy R. Diagnosis and treatment of bacterial meningitis. Arch Dis Child. 2003; 88: 615-20
|
|
|
|
|
|
27) Kato K, Yokoi T, Takano N, et al. Detection by in situ hybridization and phenotypic characterization of cells expressing IL-6 mRNA in human stimulated blood. J Immunol. 1990; 144: 1317-22
|
|
|
|
|
|
28) Fishman RA. Steroids in the treatment of brain edema. N Engl J Med. 1982; 306: 359-60
|
|
|
|
|
|
29) Moncada S, Palmer RM, Higgs EA. Nitric oxide: physiology, pathophysiology, and pharmacology. Pharmacol Rev. 1991; 43: 109-42
|
|
|
|
|
|
30) McIntyre PB, Berkey CS, King SM, et al. Dexamethasone as adjunctive therapy in bacterial meningitis. A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials since 1988. JAMA. 1997; 278: 925-31
|
|
|
|
|
|
31) de Gans J, van de Beek D. Dexamethasone in adults with bacterial meningitis. N Engl J Med. 2002; 347: 1549-56
|
|
|
|
|