1) Young T, Palta M, Dempsey J, et al. The occurrence of sleep-disordered breathing among middle-aged adults. N Engl J Med. 1993; 328: 1230-5
|
|
|
2) Shahar E, Whitney CW, Redline S, et al. Sleep-disordered breathing and cardiovascular disease. Cross-sectional results of the sleep heart health study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001; 163: 19-25
|
|
|
3) Young T, Peppard P, Palta M, et al. Population-based study of sleep-disordered breathing as a risk factor for hypertension. Arch Intern Med. 1997; 157: 1746-52
|
|
|
4) Nieto FJ, Young TB, Lind BK, et al. Association of sleep-disordered breathing, sleep apnea, and hypertension in a large community-based study. JAMA. 2000; 283: 1829-36
|
|
|
5) Marin JM, Carrizo SJ, Vicente E, et al. Long-term cardiovascular outcomes in men with obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea with or without treatment with continuous positive airway pressure: an observational study. Lancet. 2005; 365: 1046-53
|
|
|
6) World Health Organization. Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes and its complications: report of a WHO Consultation. Part 1: diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 1999
|
|
|
7) Third report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). Final report. Circulation. 2002; 106: 3143-421
|
|
|
8) メタボリックシンドローム診断基準検討委員会. メタボリックシンドロームの定義と診断基準. 日本内科学会雑誌. 2005; 94: 794-809
|
|
|
9) Li KK, Powell NB, Kushida C, et al. A comparison of Asian and White patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Laryngoscope. 1999; 109: 1937-40
|
|
|
10) Li KK, Kushida C, Powell NB, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: A comparison between far-east Asian and White men. Laryngoscope. 2000; 110: 1689-93
|
|
|
11) Peppard PE, Young T, Palta M, et al. Longitudinal study of moderate weight change and sleep-disordered breathing. JAMA. 2000; 284: 3015-21
|
|
|
12) Hoffstein V, Zamel N, Phillipson EA. Lung volume dependence of pharyngeal cross-sectional area in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1984; 130: 175-8
|
|
|
13) Tagaito Y, Isono S, Remmers JE, et al. Lung volume and collapsibility of the passive pharynx in patients with sleep-disordered breathing. J Appl Physiol. 2007; [Epub ahead of print]
|
|
|
14) Shamsuzzaman AS, Gersh BJ, Somers VK. Obstructive sleep apnea. Implications for cardiac and vascular disease. JAMA. 2003; 290: 1906-14
|
|
|
15) Coughlin SR, Mawdsley L, Mugarza JA, et al. Obstructive sleep apnoea is independently associated with an increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Eur Heart J. 2004; 25: 735-41
|
|
|
16) Sasanabe R, Banno K, Otake K, et al. Metabolic syndrome in Japanese patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Hypertens Res. 2006; 29: 315-22
|
|
|
17) Vgontzas AN, Bixler EO, Chrousos GP. Metabolic disturbances in obesity versus sleep apnoea: the importance of visceral obesity and insulin resistance. J Intern Med. 2003; 254: 32-44
|
|
|
18) Chin K, Shimizu K, Nakamura T, et al. Changes in intra-abdominal visceral fat and serum leptin levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome following nasal continuous positive airway pressure therapy. Circulation. 1999; 100: 706-12
|
|
|
19) Logan AG, Perlikowski SM, Mente A, et al. High prevalence of unrecognized sleep apnoea in drug-resistant hypertension. J Hypertens. 2001; 19: 2271-7
|
|
|
20) Logan AG, Tkacova R, Perlikowski SM, et al. Refractory hypertension and sleep apnoea: effect of CPAP on blood pressure and baroreflex. Eur Respir J. 2003; 21: 241-7
|
|
|
21) Peppard PE, Young T, Palta M, et al. Prospective study of the association between sleep-disordered breathing and hypertension. N Engl J Med. 2000; 342: 1378-84
|
|
|
22) Fletcher EC, Lesske J, Qian W, et al. Repetitive, episodic hypoxia causes diurnal elevation of blood pressure in rats. Hypertension. 1992; 19: 555-61
|
|
|
23) Brooks D, Horner RL, Kozar LF, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea as a cause of systemic hypertension. Evidence from a canine model. J Clin Invest. 1997; 99: 106-9
|
|
|
24) Pepperell JC, Ramdassingh-Dow S, Crosthwaite N, et al. Ambulatory blood pressure after therapeutic and subtherapeutic nasal continuous positive airway pressure for obstructive sleep apnoea: a randomized parallel trial. Lancet. 2002; 359: 204-10
|
|
|
25) Becker HF, Jerrentrup A, Ploch T, et al. Effect of nasal continuous positive airway pressure treatment on blood pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Circulation. 2003; 107: 68-73
|
|
|
26) Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, et al. The seventh report of the joint national committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure. The JNC 7 report. JAMA. 2003; 289: 2560-72
|
|
|
27) Ip MS, Lam B, Ng MM, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea is independently associated with insulin resistance. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002; 165: 670-6
|
|
|
28) Punjabi NM, Sorkin JD, Katzel LI, et al. Sleep-disordered breathing and insulin resistance in middle-aged and overweight men. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002; 165: 677-82
|
|
|
29) Punjabi NM, Shahar E, Redline S, et al. Sleep-disordered breathing, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance: the Sleep Heart Health Study. Am J Epidemiol. 2004; 160: 521-30
|
|
|
30) Reichmuth KJ, Austin D, Skatrud JB, et al. Association of sleep apnea and type II diabetes: a population-based study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005; 172: 1590-5
|
|
|
31) Iiyori N, Alonso LC, Li J, et al. Intermittent hypoxia causes insulin resistance in lean mice independent of autonomic activity. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007; 175: 851-7
|
|
|
32) Harsch IA, Schahin SP, Radespiel-Troger M, et al. Continuous positive airway pressure treatment rapidly improves insulin sensitivity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004; 169: 156-62
|
|
|
33) Babu AR, Herdegen J, Fogelfeld L, et al. Type 2 diabetes, glycemic control, and continuous positive airway pressure in obstructive sleep apnea. Arch Intern Med. 2005; 165: 447-52
|
|
|
34) Punjabi NM, Polotsky VY. Disorders of glucose metabolism in sleep apnea. J Appl Physiol. 2005; 99: 1998-2007
|
|
|
35) Newman AB, Nieto FJ, Guidry U, et al. Relation of sleep-disordered breathing to cardiovascular disease risk factors: the Sleep Heart Health Study. Am J Epidemiol. 2001; 154: 50-9
|
|
|
36) Robinson GV, Pepperell JC, Segal HC, et al. Circulating cardiovascular risk factors in obstructive sleep apnoea: data from randomised controlled trials. Thorax. 2004; 59: 777-82
|
|
|
37) Li J, Thorne LN, Punjabi NM, et al. Intermittent hypoxia induces hyperlipidemia in lean mice. Circ Res. 2005; 97: 698-706
|
|
|
38) Li J, Savransky V, Nanayakkara A, et al. Hyperlipidemia and lipid peroxidation are dependent on the severity of chronic intermittent hypoxia. J Appl Physiol. 2007; 102: 557-63
|
|
|
39) Savransky V, Nanayakkara A, Li J, et al. Chronic intermittent hypoxia induces atherosclerosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007; 175: 1290-7
|
|
|
40) Tan KC, Chow WS, Lam JC, et al. HDL dysfunction in obstructive sleep apnea. Atherosclerosis. 2006; 184: 377-82
|
|
|
41) Belz GG. Elastic properties and windkessel function of the human aorta. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 1995; 9: 73-83
|
|
|
42) Herrington DM, Brown WV, Mosca L, et al. Relationship between arterial stiffness and subclinical aortic atherosclerosis. Circulation. 2004; 110: 432-7
|
|
|
43) O'Leary DH, Polak JF. Intima-media thickness: a tool for atherosclerosis imaging and event prediction. Am J Cardiol. 2002; 90: 18-21
|
|
|
44) Drager LF, Bortolotto LA, Lorenzi MC, et al. Early signs of atherosclerosis in obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005; 172: 613-8
|
|
|
45) Suzuki T, Nakano H, Maekawa J, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea and carotid-artery intima-media thickness. Sleep. 2004; 27: 129-33
|
|
|
46) Minoguchi K, Yokoe T, Tazaki T, et al. Increased carotid intima-media thickness and serum inflammatory markers in obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005; 172: 625-30
|
|
|
47) Drager LF, Bortolotto LA, Figueiredo AC, et al. Effects of continuous positive airway pressure on early signs of atherosclerosis in obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007; [Epub ahead of print]
|
|
|